Background: Implementation science has demonstrated a relevant role in cancer control and in bridging scientific evidence with health interventions, particularly in low and middle-income countries. In Bahia, a state in Brazil where
36.2% of the population is considered poor according to the World Bank, a cohort study involving children and adolescents found that 48% of patients with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) were treated at three or more healthcare institutions before receiving a diagnosis; 63.78% were classified as high risk, and 60% lived in households with a monthly income equal to or below one minimum wage. It was considered that implementation
science could contribute to earlier detection and improved survival. Objectives:To develop a DEI (Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion) infographic and guidebook for the early detection and treatment of B-ALL in children and adolescents,
aiming to support physicians and nurses in primary healthcare and contribute to childhood cancer control through an implementation science approach. Methods: A literature review was conducted using the Medline/PubMed,  LILACS/Scielo, and Web of Science databases, as well as websites of cancer control agencies. Articles published in English and Portuguese between 2014 and 2024 were included, using the terms “ALL,” “symptoms,” “signs,” “delayed diagnosis,” “early diagnosis,” and “children and adolescents.” Studies involving adults or other pathologies were excluded. Data were extracted into a Microsoft Excel database for analysis and selection of key information. Illustrations of signs and symptoms and audio descriptions were developed to ensure inclusion of individuals with low vision or blindness, ADHD, and autism. QR codes were incorporated to facilitate digital access. The tool was validated by healthcare professionals, including hematologists, oncologists, nurses, and specialists in diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). Results: Two materials were developed: a DEI infographic and a guidebook, subdivided into the following sections: (1) title; (2) signs and symptoms of B-ALL, with illustrations featuring characters of different ethnicities and racial backgrounds; (3) interpretation of diagnostic tests; (4) treatment; (5) guidance on what not to do and complications associated with delayed diagnosis; (6) a referral flowchart to reference centers in the state of Bahia, Brazil; and (7) references. Equity promotion was ensured through inclusive illustrations, clear and objective language, and audio description accessed via QR codes, enabling inclusion of persons with disabilities (PwD). Feedback obtained during validation was incorporated into the materials, increasing their usability for leukemia suspicion and timely referral of cases. Conclusions: This work presents an innovative approach to training primary healthcare professionals, such as general practitioners, pediatricians, nurses, and healthcare professionals with disabilities, by providing guidance for early
diagnosis and treatment of B-ALL in children and adolescents in settings with limited financial and human resources. The application of these materials can be expanded to other regions of Brazil and to low and middle-income countries,
with potential impact on improving patient survival rates toward levels observed in high-income countries.

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